Skip to main content
. 2019 Dec 17;15(5):529–557. doi: 10.1016/j.ajps.2019.11.003

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3

3D bioprinting process (A) X-ray machine, (B) CT machine, (C) MRI machine, (D) Alginate, (E) Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of GelMA (reproduced with permission from [23], Copyright 2018 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim), (F) Image of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) (reproduced with permission from [24], Copyright 2018 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim), (G) Principle of extrusion-based bioprinting, (H) Principle of piezoelectric inkjet bioprinting, (I) Principle of digital light processing (DLP), (J) Culture of endothelial progenitor cell-laden blood vessel (reproduced with permission from [25], Copyright 2017 Gao et al.), (K) In vivo implantation of cardiac patches fabricated by laser induced forward transfer (LIFT) in rats (reproduced with permission from [26], Copyright 2011 Elsevier), (L) Biochip used for in vitro testing, adapted from unpublished work of our research team.