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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Apr 6.
Published in final edited form as: Chem Rev. 2014 Apr 10;114(11):5815–47. doi: 10.1021/cr400401e

Figure 1. Classification of conotoxins into various families and superfamilies.

Figure 1

Conotoxins are classified into various superfamilies based on their conserved signal sequence homology. Further classification into families is based on their disulfide bond framework and their target receptor. The target receptors for the conotoxin families, which do not have a specified receptor shown in this figure, are yet to be identified. NE-Norepinephrine; nAChR-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.