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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jun 4.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Opin Immunol. 2019 Sep 6;60:163–169. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2019.08.001

Figure 1. Early exposure to a farming environment protects from the development of allergy.

Figure 1

This type of environment is rich in microbes that can produce metabolites and colonize the host, leading to a microbiome change. This will in turn impact on immune cells and barrier epithelial cells, and modify the way they respond to allergens.