FIGURE 8.

Monocyte‐derived macrophages (MDMs) differentiated in the presence of IFN‐λ3 or IFN‐λ4 show altered cytokine secretion. (A) Activated M1‐MDMs differentiated in the presence of IFN‐λ4 show lower IL‐1β and higher IL‐10 secretion. CD14⁺ cells obtained from five independent donors were differentiated into M1‐MDMs and stimulated with LPS (as per scheme in Fig. 4A), and cytokine secretion was measured by ELISA. The data show mean values from five independent donors with error bars representing sd. Filled circles and filled triangles represent MDMs derived from each of the five donors (in different colors) differentiated without and with IFN‐λ4 respectively, joined by a trend line. A 1‐tailed t‐test for two dependent means was carried out to calculate statistical significance. *P < 0.05; ns, not significant. (B) Cytokine profiles of activated M1‐ and M2‐MDMs differentiated in the presence of IFN‐λ3 or IFN‐λ4. The data show mean values from four independent donors with error bars representing sd. CD14⁺ cells from each donor were split into three aliquots and differentiated into M1‐ or M2‐MDMs in the absence or presence of IFN‐λ3 or IFN‐λ4; after activation with LPS, cytokines were collected from supernatants and measured by ELISA. A 2‐tailed t‐test for two independent means was used to calculate statistical significance; only significant comparisons are shown; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001