Table 3. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) in relation to the concentrations of leukocyte, immunoglobulin-G, haptoglobin, and uric acid, after adjustment for age, sex, country of birth, socio-economic status, and fasting status, a prospective cohort analysis^*.

Biomarker analysed	Cohort analysis of ALS		Cohort analysis of PD
Leukocyte	No. of outcomes	HR (95% CI)	No. of outcomes	HR (95% CI)
Below 1st quintile	39	Ref.	300	Ref.
Between 1st and 2nd quintile	36	0.99 (0.63-1.56)	248	0.87 (0.73-1.03)
Between 2nd and 3rd quintile	44	1.21 (0.79-1.87)	252	0.86 (0.73-1.02)
Between 3rd and 4th quintile	38	1.12 (0.72-1.76)	220	0.85 (0.71-1.01)
Above 4th quintile	30	0.99 (0.61-1.60)	159	0.64 (0.53-0.78)
Immunoglobulin-G
Below 1st quintile	39	Ref.	255	Ref.
Between 1st and 2nd quintile	42	0.83 (0.53-1.28)	315	0.97 (0.82-1.14)
Between 2nd and 3rd quintile	17	0.80 (0.45-1.41)	138	1.01 (0.82-1.24)
Between 3rd and 4th quintile	20	1.20 (0.70-2.06)	107	1.01 (0.81-1.27)
Above 4th quintile	35	1.08 (0.68-1.70)	240	1.17 (0.98-1.39)
Haptoglobin
Below 1st quintile	92	Ref.	634	Ref.
Between 1st and 2nd quintile	117	1.03 (0.78-1.35)	776	0.96 (0.86-1.06)
Between 2nd and 3rd quintile	65	1.05 (0.77-1.45)	417	0.92 (0.81-1.04)
Between 3rd and 4th quintile	86	1.07 (0.80-1.44)	519	0.87 (0.77-0.98)
Above 4th quintile	88	1.16 (0.86-1.56)	482	0.85 (0.75-0.95)
Uric acid
Below 1st quintile	78	Ref.	430	Ref.
Between 1st and 2nd quintile	90	0.93 (0.69-1.27)	554	0.93 (0.82-1.06)
Between 2nd and 3rd quintile	106	0.92 (0.67-1.26)	712	0.95 (0.83-1.07)
Between 3rd and 4th quintile	113	0.90 (0.65-1.23)	720	0.85 (0.75-0.97)
Above 4th quintile	113	0.86 (0.62-1.19)	756	0.83 (0.73-0.95)

^*Bolded HRs are statistically significant with a P value of <0.05.