Estimates represent the change (mmHg) in SBP or DBP (top and bottom panel, respectively) in carriers (i.e., pLoF or cLoF) vs. non-LoF carriers (i.e., individuals with synonymous, common variations or no LoF mutations and individuals with WT-like and GoF mutations) of MC4R LoF mutations, obtained from linear regression (p-values presented are two-sided and not corrected for multiple comparisons). BMI = body mass index; BP = blood pressure; CI = confidence interval; cLoF = complete loss of function; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; GoF = gain of function; LoF = loss of function; pLoF = partial loss of function; SBP = systolic blood pressure; WT-like = wild-type like.