Table 2.
Differences in energy intake (MJ/d) from all foods, core and non-core foods and macronutrients in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children’s Children in Focus (ALSPAC-CiF) children at 18 and 43 months of age with overweight/obese mothers compared with those with healthy weight/underweight mothers*,†,‡
| Age attending CiF clinic | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18 months (n 908) | 43 months (n 769) | |||||
| β-coefficient§ | 95% CI | P | β-coefficient§ | 95% CI | P | |
| Total energy intake | 0·10 | −0·05, 0·25 | 0·176 | 0·05 | −0·13, 0·23 | 0·564 |
| Energy intake from all core foods | −0·10 | −0·22, 0·02 | 0·105 | −0·12 | −0·27, 0·03 | 0·109 |
| Energy intake from all non-core foods | 0·20 | 0·10, 0·30 | <0·001 | 0·19 | 0·05, 0·33 | 0·008 |
| Energy intake from all soft drinks | 0·10 | −0·33, 0·53 | 0·656 | −0·24 | −0·58, 0·10 | 0·163 |
| Protein | 0·00 | −0·03, 0·03 | 0·889 | −0·00 | −0·03, 0·03 | 0·958 |
| Fat | 0·04 | −0·03, 0·11 | 0·253 | 0·04 | −0·05, 0·12 | 0·382 |
| Carbohydrate | 0·06 | −0·02, 0·14 | 0·122 | 0·02 | −0·08, 0·11 | 0·753 |
| Total sugar | −0·00 | −0·05, 0·05 | 0·960 | −0·03 | −0·10, 0·04 | 0·412 |
| Intrinsic sugar | −0·06 | −0·10, −0·02 | 0·002 | −0·01 | −0·06, 0·03 | 0·504 |
| Free sugar | 0·06 | 0·01, 0·10 | 0·010 | −0·01 | −0·07, 0·05 | 0·647 |
*
BMI classifications: healthy/underweight <25 kg/m2, overweight/obese ≥ 25 kg/m2.
†
Reference group: children with healthy/underweight mothers.
‡
Conversion factor: 1 MJ is equivalent to 239 kcal.
§
Adjusted for maternal age, maternal education, parity and Family Adversity Index.