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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Dec 10.
Published in final edited form as: Neuroimage. 2021 May 15;237:118175. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118175

Fig. 12.

Fig. 12

Comparison of Standard SWI with WM-GM CNR-weighted CLEAR-SWI in three patients with brain tumors. Patient A) glioblastoma IV: the lesion leads to strong phase artefacts in Standard SWI (red arrows point to wrap artefacts). The shape of the lesion in CLEAR-SWI corresponds to the shape seen in T2 *, while T2 * also presents hypointense values below the necrosis that are not strictly tissue related, but arise from the strong field gradient. Patient B) anaplastic astrocytoma III: Standard SWI overestimates the size of the lesion due to a phase wrap artefact (red arrow). Patient C) metastasis − adenocarcinoma: Standard SWI suffers from severe phase wrap artefacts (red arrows) and inhomogeneous magnitude, which are both resolved in CLEAR-SWI. For all three patients, the clarity of veins and structures is visibly higher in CLEAR-SWI than in Standard SWI. The T2 * map and T1-weighted M0 provide additional contrast (black arrows). Note that all images are single slices and not mIPs.