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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jan 5.
Published in final edited form as: Pharm Stat. 2020 Aug 12;20(1):109–116. doi: 10.1002/pst.2059

Table 1. Summary of error rate and predictive values in terms of number of treatments within each category (recommended/non-recommended vs truly effective/truly ineffective).

Recommended treatments Non-recommended treatments
Non-effective treatments A B
Effective treatments C D
Family-wise error rate P(A > 0)
FDR E(A/[A + C])a
PPV C/(A + C)
NPV B/(B + D)

Abbreviations: FDR, false-discovery rate; NPV, negative predictive value; PPV, positive predictive value.

a

The FDR is defined as 0 when the denominator A + C is 0.