Table 2. Survival probabilities for the treatment regimes ‘never treated’ and ‘always treated’ at times 1–5: true values, mean of the estimates (and empirical SE) obtained using MSM-IPTW from 1000 simulations, and bias in the estimates (and Monte Carlo SE) obtained using MSM-IPTW.

Time	True value	MSM-IPTW
		Mean estimate (Empirical SE)	Bias (Monte Carlo SE)
Never treated: $\mathrm{Pr}\left(T^{{\underset{\_}{a}}_0=0}\ge t\right)$
1	0.497	0.497 (0.008)	0.000 (0.000)
2	0.245	0.245 (0.007)	0.000 (0.000)
3	0.119	0.119(0.005)	−0.000 (0.000)
4	0.057	0.057 (0.004)	−0.000 (0.000)
5	0.027	0.027 (0.003)	−0.000 (0.000)
Always treated: $\mathrm{Pr}\left(T^{{\underset{\_}{a}}_0=0}\ge t\right)$
1	0.606	0.607 (0.021)	0.001 (0.001)
2	0.401	0.404 (0.031)	0.003 (0.001)
3	0.283	0.288 (0.040)	0.005 (0.001)
4	0.208	0.216 (0.051)	0.007 (0.002)
5	0.157	0.165 (0.066)	0.009 (0.002)