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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jan 28.
Published in final edited form as: Sci Transl Med. 2021 May 19;13(594):eaaw1564. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaw1564

Fig. 4. Exposure of patient-derived mDA cultures to DA and proinflammatory cytokines induces neurodegeneration.

Fig. 4

(A) Immunofluorescence analysis for GFAP and TH at day 65; nuclei are stained with DAPI. Scale bar, 100 μm. (B) Analysis of membrane permeability at day 65 for derived neuronal cultures treated with 100 μM DA and LPS (n = 4, 4, 4, and 4 for control, patient 1, patient 2, and CRISPR, respectively). Results are normalized to the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) condition. (C and D) Membrane permeability at day 65 of differentiation. Cells were treated for 24 hours with DMSO (D), TNFα (T), or IL-1β (I), TNFα or IL-1β + Z-VAD-FMK (TZ; IZ), or just Z-VAD-FMK (Z). DA was added at a concentration of 100 μM (n = 3, 3, 5, and 4 for each line; n = 5, 4, 3, and 4 respectively). Results are normalized to the DMSO-treated condition. Error bars indicate SEM. ANOVA was applied to allow multiple comparisons with normalized control.