Table 2. Associations Between Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Carotid IMT.

Anthropometry and Other Markers (N=939)	Mean†	SD†	Difference in IMT, mm, per SD Increase of Marker (95% CI)‡	P Value (difference)
Age, y	10.8	0.4	0.0024 (–0.0004 to 0.0052)	0.10
Height, cm	139.2	7.0	0.0011 (–0.0011 to 0.0034)	0.33
Weight, kg*	35.3	1.3	0.0002 (–0.0020 to 0.0025)	0.83
Ponderal Index, kg/m3 *	13.1	1.2	–0.0007 (–0.0029 to 0.0015)	0.54
Sum of skinfolds, mm*	41.7	1.6	–0.0026 (–0.0048 to –0.0004)	0.02
Fat mass index, kg/m5 *	1.9	1.5	–0.0019 (–0.0041 to 0.0003)	0.09
Systolic BP, mm Hg	104.4	10.6	0.0024 (0.0002–0.0046)	0.03
Diastolic BP, mm Hg	63.2	9.0	0.0027 (0.0005–0.0048)	0.01
Physical activity CPM§	468.9	105.2	0.0030 (0.0000–0.0061)	0.05
Blood markers (N=831)
Total cholesterol, mmol/L*	4.5	1.2	–0.0013 (–0.0036 to 0.0010)	0.27
LDL cholesterol, mmol/L*	2.6	1.3	–0.0005 (–0.0029 to 0.0019)	0.67
HDL cholesterol, mmol/L	1.5	0.3	0.0000 (–0.0024 to 0.0023)	0.97
Triglyceride, mmol/L*	0.9	1.5	–0.0031 (–0.0055 to -0.0007)	0.01
HbA1c, %	5.3	0.3	0.0000 (–0.0024 to 0.0023)	0.97
Glucose, mmol/L	4.5	0.3	0.0012 (–0.0011 to 0.0036)	0.30
Insulin, mU/L*	7.1	1.8	–0.0015 (–0.0039 to 0.0010)	0.24
Insulin resistance*	0.9	1.8	–0.0010 (–0.0034 to 0.0014)	0.42
C-reactive protein, mg/L*	0.5	3.7	–0.0015 (–0.0038 to 0.0008)	0.20

IMT indicates intima-media thickness; BP, blood pressure; CPM, counts per minute; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein.

^*Log-transformed variable.

^†Geometric means and geometric SD presented for log-transformed variable.

^‡Difference in IMT for SD (or log SD) for log-transformed variables adjusted for sex, age group, ethnicity, month, and random effect for school.

^§Analyses based on 728 subjects.