Table 2. Estimated effects of ACEI/ARBs on AKI using IPTW to account for confounding.
| Confounder adjustment | Missing data method | Risk difference (per 1000 people) | Normal-based bootstrap 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|
| Crude | None | 13.30 | (12.52, 14.08) |
| IPTW | Complete records analysis | 4.60 | (2.76, 6.45) |
| IPTW | Missingness pattern approach | 5.96 | (5.10, 6.82) |
| IPTW | Missing indicator approach | 5.93 | (5.01, 6.85) |
| IPTW | Multiple imputation | 6.17 | (5.27, 7.07) a |
a
Not bootstrapped; obtained by using Rubin’s rules across 10 imputed datasets.
Abbreviations: ACEI/ARBs, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers; IPTW, inverse probability of treatment weighting.