Table 1. Mendelian randomization estimates for effect of body mass index (BMI), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), systolic blood pressure (SBP), low density.

	Method	SNPs	OR	LCI 95%	UCI 95%	p-val
BMI (1-SD kg/m2 ↑)	IVW	545	1.67	1.44	1.94	7.45 x10-12
	Weighted median		1.72	1.38	2.14	1.94 x10-6
	MR Egger		1.69	1.15	2.48	0.01
	MR-PRESSO		1.67	1.44	1.94	2.02 x10-11
T2DM (log OR ↑)	IVW	184	1.11	1.04	1.19	1.19 x10-3
	Weighted median		1.13	1.02	1.25	0.03
	MR Egger		1.17	1.02	1.35	0.03
	MR-PRESSO		1.11	1.04	1.19	1.42 x10-3
SBP (1-SD mmHg ↑)	IVW	218	1.90	1.45	2.49	3.23 x10-6
	Weighted median		2.27	1.62	3.16	1.49 x10-6
	MR Egger		4.10	1.74	9.63	1.21 x10-3
	MR-PRESSO		2.14	1.65	2.77	3.00 x10-8
LDL-C (1-SD mg/dL ↑)	IVW	153	0.99	0.83	1.18	0.89
	Weighted median		0.96	0.76	1.21	0.73
	MR Egger		1.20	0.93	1.56	0.16
	MR-PRESSO		0.99	0.84	1.16	0.85
Smoking (1-SD lifetime smoking ↑)	IVW	126	1.03	0.60	1.76	0.91
	Weighted median		0.72	0.35	1.48	0.37
	MR Egger		0.04	0.00	0.33	3.27 x10-3
	MR-PRESSO		1.03	0.61	1.75	0.91
uACR (1-SD mg/g ↑)	IVW	57	1.58	0.93	2.70	0.09
	Weighted median		1.95	0.93	4.11	0.08
	MR Egger		3.55	0.71	17.67	0.12
	MR-PRESSO		1.58	0.93	2.70	0.10
eGFR (1-SD ml/ min/ 1.73m2 ↑)	IVW	336	1.95	0.70	5.45	0.20
	Weighted median		2.94	0.58	14.93	0.19
	MR Egger		2.98	0.31	28.63	0.34
	MR-PRESSO		1.95	0.70	5.45	0.20

lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), smoking index, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) investigated on the primary outcome of pre-eclampsia or eclampsia.

IVW = inverse variance weighted with mixed random effects, MR-Egger = Mendelian randomization Egger, MR-PRESSO = Mendelian Randomization Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier, SNP = single nucleotide polymorphism, SD = standard deviation, LCI= lower confidence interval, UCI = upper confidence interval, p-val = p-value