Table 4. DBS-induced FTG in humans.
Studies presented in chronological order. In both studies, DBS induces FTG off dopaminergic medication and without dyskinesias. M1: primary motor cortex; SMA: supplementary motor area; PMC: premotor cortex; STN: subthalamic nucleus; PD: Parkinson’s disease, OFF: off dopaminergic medication; FFT: fast fourier spectrum
| Study | Location | Disorder | Medication | Methods | Main Findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wiest et al., 2021 | STN | PD | OFF | short-time FFT (1 s Hamming window,25% overlap, 1 Hz resolution) | DBS induces FTG during and/or after stimulation without detectable dyskinesias, FTG is not entrained at half stimulation frequency |
| Muthuraman et al.,2020 | M1, SMA, PMC, STN, cerebellum | PD | OFF | multitaper method(seven orthogonal tapers were used) | cross-frequency coupling of FTG power to the power of clinically effective DBS frequency |