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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Mar 3.
Published in final edited form as: Chem. 2020 Oct 21;6(12):3329–3343. doi: 10.1016/j.chempr.2020.09.022

Figure 1. ATP-driven LLPS by programmable interactions in multivalent SfNAPs with complementary side chain interactions.

Figure 1

(a) Schematic illustration of the energy landscape for classical coacervation processes. (b) ATP-driven transient SfNAPs to engineer transient all-DNA coacervates, sorted LLPS coacervates system, and transient trapping of secondary components. The dynamic coacervate structures sit at an energy-dissipative state out of the global minimum in the energy landscape. Transient lifetimes occur because the ATP fuel is consumed as detailed in the ERN in Figure 3a.