Table 1. Baseline characteristics, baseline clinical presentation and AFB smear and culture of children in SHINE.

		16 weeks (N=602)	24 weeks (N=602)	Total (N=1204)
Sex N (%)	Female	297 (49)	286 (48)	583 (48)
Age (Years)	Median (IQR), (Min,Max)	3.4 (1.5, 6.9), (2m, 15y)	3.5 (1.5, 7.1), (2m, 15y)	3.5 (1.5, 7.0), (2m, 15y)
Site country
	South Africa	156 (26)	159 (26)	315 (26)
	Uganda	188 (31)	188 (31)	376 (31)
	Zambia	183 (30)	181 (30)	364 (30)
	India	75 (12)	74 (12)	149 (12)
HIV status, N (%)	Positive	65 (11)	62 (10)	127 (11)
WHO weight band (kg), N (%)	3-3.9	0	3 (1)	3 (<1)
	4-7.9	86 (14)	92 (15)	178 (15)
	8-11.9	162 (27)	152 (25)	314 (26)
	12-15.9	126 (21)	116 (19)	242 (20)
	16-24.9	142 (24)	153 (25)	295 (25)
	≥25	86 (14)	86 (14)	172 (14)
Clinical Presentation N (%)	Respiratory	398 (66)	406 (67)	804 (67)
	Mixed respiratory and peripheral TB	182 (30)	171 (28)	353 (29)
	Peripheral lymph node TB	19 (3)	21 (3)	40 (3)
	Other ¥	3 (1)	4 (1)	7 (1)
MTB culture and Xpert MTB/RIF results θ N (%)	Total (culture positive for MTB (MGIT or LJ) OR Xpert MTB/RIF positive)	85 (14)	80 (13)	165 (14)
	TB culture positive only	40 (7)	40 (7)	80 (7)
	Xpert MTB/RIF positive only	14 (2)	5 (1)	19 (2)
	TB culture positive AND Xpert MTB/RIF positive	31 (5)	35 (6)	66 (5)

Data presented as number of participants (%), unless otherwise stated. IQR=interquartile range, LJ=Lowenstein Jensen solid culture medium, MGIT =mycobacteria growth indicator tube liquid culture system, y=years, m=months, RIF=rifampicin, Xpert=GeneXpert.

^θ_Microbiological confirmation was from respiratory samples (gastric aspirate/washing, induced or expectorated sputum) and fine needle aspiration of enlarged lymph nodes and was defined as positive for M. tuberculosis by culture or Xpert MTB/RIF assay.

^¥Participants did not have a cough for more than 2 weeks or peripheral lymph node(s) suggestive of TB.