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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Trends Plant Sci. 2021 Dec 16;27(6):536–548. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2021.11.003

Figure 1. Transcriptional activation of plant gene by a TALE protein.

Figure 1

An N-terminal type III secretion signal (T3SS) marks effector proteins for translocation from the bacterial pathogen into the plant cytoplasm. Tandem-arranged repeat modules form a repeat array that binds in a sequence-specific fashion to a DNA target sequence (effector binding element; EBE). The transcription factor binding (TFB) domain mediates interaction with the gamma (γ) subunit of the general transcription factor TFIIA that is part of the host’s RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex. The C-terminal activation domain (AD) stimulates transcriptional activation. The transcriptional start site (TSS) of the TALE-induced transcript (green waved line) starts about 50-100 nucleotides downstream of the EBE. Notably, the TALE-induced TSS is typically distinct from the TSS of the corresponding native transcript.