Extended Data Figure 1. Effects of 144 antibiotics on 40 human gut commensals.

Heat map according to sensitivity or resistance of each strain to the respective antibiotic at a concentration of 20 μM. Antibiotics are grouped according to drug classes and species are clustered according to their responses across the 144 antibiotics tested. Data is replotted from². Of note, Akkermansia muciniphila, a species associated with protection against different diseases and dysbiotic states⁶², and even positive responses to immunotherapy⁶³, is resistant to nearly all quinolone antibiotics (red box). We consolidated this finding by MIC determination for Ciprofloxacin (>32 μg/ml), Gatifloxacin (>32 μg/ml), Moxifloxacin (>32 μg/ml), Norfloxacin (>256 μg/ml) and Ofloxacin (>32 μg/ml).