Table 4. Codes used to identify presence of gastrostomies and tracheostomies.

Coding system	Code	Interpretation
ICD-10	Z430	Tracheostomy present and assumed to remain until evidence of removal
ICD-10	Z930	Tracheostomy present and assumed to remain until evidence of removal
OPCS-4	E421	Tracheostomy present and assumed to remain until evidence of removal
OPCS-4	E423	Temporary tracheostomy - counted as present in year, but not in subsequent years unless evidence of subsequent permanent tracheostomy
OPCS-4	E425	Tracheostomy removed - counted as present in year, but not in subsequent years unless evidence of subsequent reinsertion
OPCS-4	E426	Tracheostomy present and assumed to remain until evidence of removal
OPCS-4	E427	Tracheostomy removed - counted as present in year, but not in subsequent years unless evidence of subsequent reinsertion
ICD-10	Z431	Gastrostomy present and assumed to remain until evidence of removal
ICD-10	Z931	Gastrostomy present and assumed to remain until evidence of removal
OPCS-4	G341	Gastrostomy present and assumed to remain until evidence of removal
OPCS-4	G342	Temporary gastrostomy - counted as present in year, but not in subsequent years unless evidence of subsequent permanent gastrostomy
OPCS-4	G343	Gastrostomy present and assumed to remain until evidence of removal
OPCS-4	G344	Gastrostomy removed - counted as present in year, but not in subsequent years unless evidence of subsequent reinsertion
OPCS-4	G345	Gastrostomy present and assumed to remain until evidence of removal
OPCS-4	G445	Gastrostomy present and assumed to remain until evidence of removal
OPCS-4	G447	Gastrostomy removed - counted as present in year, but not in subsequent years unless evidence of subsequent reinsertion

ICD-10 and OPCS-4 codes considered indicative of presence of gastrostomies or tracheostomies in a year and/or following years. ICD-10: International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition; OPCS-4: OPCS Classification of Interventions and Procedures Version 4.