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. 2021 Sep 9;374(6566):423–431. doi: 10.1126/science.abj4336

Fig. 2. Phylogenetic reconstruction of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the continent of Africa.

Fig. 2.

(A) Time-resolved maximum likelihood tree containing 8746 high-quality African SARS-CoV-2 near-full-genome sequences analyzed against a backdrop of global reference sequences. VOIs and VOCs are highlighted on the phylogeny. (B) Sources of viral introductions into African countries characterized as external introductions from the rest of the world versus internal introductions from other African countries. (C) Total external viral introductions over time into Africa. (D) The number of viral imports and exports into and out of various African countries depicted as internal (between African countries, in pink) or external (between African and non-African countries, in blue and gray).