Figure 6. Cell-type specific functional connectivity in stimulus and decision coding.

a) Schematic of targeted photostimulation experiment. A subset of trial-coding neurons preferring correct Stim S/Lickport S trials or correct Stim R/Lickport R trials was selectively activated by two-photon optogenetic photostimulation. b) Task structure for catch trial experiments. Two-photon photostimulation (9 × 10 ms spirals) of either target ensemble was enabled in a subset of trials in the middle of the withhold period. c) An example FOV (depth = 200 μm) with neurons co-expressing calcium indicator (GCaMP7f) and soma-targeted opsin (ST-C1V1). Representative results of 31/60 surgeries. d) Trial selectivity of neurons in the FOV in c). Red and blue circles mark the two trial selective target ensembles. e) Calcium time courses of the two target ensembles during different trial types (mean ± s.d.). N = 80 target ensembles, 40 sessions, 7 mice. f) Left: The stimulus selectivity of the target ensemble is positively correlated with the stimulus selectivity of indirectly photo-activated neurons (positive followers). Right: There is no significant correlation between the choice selectivity of the followers and that of the targets (r and p are the Pearson correlation coefficient and the p-value, respectively). Selectivity was normalized to all other background cells in the same FOV. g) Photostimulation response of stimulus and decision neurons (excluding targets) compared with all background cells (boxes are mean, whiskers are s.e.m.). N = 363 stimulus, 248 decision and 10458 background neurons, 40 sessions, 7 mice. Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA test with Tukey-Kramer critical values were used for multiple comparisons, n.s. stimulus vs. decision neurons p = 0.53; n.s. stimulus vs background neurons; p = 0.27; *p stimulus vs background neurons p = 0.022.