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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Semin Cancer Biol. 2022 Jan 1:S1044-579X(21)00304-7. doi: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.12.011

Fig. 1. Role of chemokines in the progression of solid tumors.

Fig. 1

Primary tumor cells secrete chemokines which regulate the infiltration of leukocytes in the TME. Chemokines elicit pro-tumor or anti-tumor immune response such as infiltration of CD8 T cells, dendritic cells and natural killer cells support antitumor immune response while macrophages/MDSCs, Treg cells and neutrophils promote tumor survival/ proliferation. Chemokines are also involved in the process of tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis at different sites of organ and growth/survival of the metastatic cells.