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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Semin Cancer Biol. 2022 Jan 1:S1044-579X(21)00304-7. doi: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.12.011

Fig. 3. CSCs derived chemokines maintain immunosuppressive microenvironment and tumor progression.

Fig. 3

Different chemokines are secreted from various cancers as depicted here which are essential for the recruitment and polarization of macrophages, infiltration of T cells and MDSCs. Secreted chemokines regulate multiple steps of cancer development such as tumor growth/survival, neovascularization, organotropism, secondary tumor establishment, EMT, CSCs expansion, immunosuppression and therapeutic resistance.