Table 1.
Descriptive statistics of the city GII, woman's achievements scores, indicators, and covariates by quartiles of sub-city adolescent birth rates.
| Overall | First (Lowest) | Second | Third | Fourth (highest) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ABR range (sub-city level) | (1.0–246.8) | (1.0–43.0) | (43.0–58.6) | (58.6–75.3) | (75.4–246.8) | |
| Sub-cities (N) | 1403 | 351 | 351 | 351 | 350 | |
| Cities (N)a |
360 |
105 |
165 |
167 |
130 |
|
|
City-level scores (mean (sd)) | ||||||
| WA autonomy score | 0.03 (2.49) | 0.83 (1.35) | 0.55 (1.24) | −0.03 (1.23) | −0.64 (1.13) | <0.001 |
| WA education score | 0.03 (1.85) | 2.08 (1.80) | 0.79 (1.60) | 0.17 (1.75) | −0.15 (1.87) | <0.001 |
| WA health care access scorea | 0.16 (1.99) | 1.12 (1.88) | 1.13 (2.12) | 0.17 (2.13) | −1.11 (1.50) | <0.001 |
| Gender Inequality Index |
0.27 (0.14) |
0.23 (0.13) |
0.27 (0.14) |
0.29 (0.14) |
0.29 (0.14) |
<0.001 |
|
City-level Indicators (mean(sd)) | ||||||
| Education | ||||||
| % Women 25 and older with high school | 41.68 (12.24) | 54.79 (13.28) | 45.66 (10.39) | 41.49 (10.61) | 39.35 (11.32) | <0.001 |
| % Men 25 and older with high school | 41.75 (13.31) | 57.73 (16.53) | 46.32 (11.88) | 42.13 (10.76) | 40.59 (10.47) | <0.001 |
| % Women 25 and older with university | 15.73 (4.72) | 18.39 (4.13) | 15.93 (4.13) | 14.64 (4.53) | 13.97 (4.84) | <0.001 |
| Labor force | ||||||
| % Women 15 and older in the labor force | 50.18 (8.43) | 54.12 (6.70) | 52.71 (7.42) | 49.17 (8.15) | 44.73 (6.33) | <0.001 |
| % Men 15 and older in the labor force | 76.32 (3.71) | 76.09 (3.36) | 76.42 (3.28) | 76.76 (3.16) | 77.32 (2.75) | <0.001 |
| Health care | ||||||
| % Women 50–79 with mammogram in the last 2 yearsa | 42.24 (16.20) | 51.86 (15.6) | 51.57 (16.8) | 43.23 (16.7) | 33.45 (12.05) | <0.001 |
| % Women 25–49 with pap smear in the last 3 yearsb | 72.34 (8.26) | 76.21 (6.57) | 75.83 (8.95) | 72.51 (9.12) | 67.84 (6.68) | <0.001 |
| Political participation and child marriage | ||||||
| Cities with at least 1 female mayor (N, %) | 83 (22.9) | 32 (30.4) | 52 (31.5) | 48 (28.7) | 36 (27.7) | 0.893c |
| % Women 15-17 married/15–17 female pop |
0.79 (1.18) |
0.63 (0.88) |
0.46 (0.64) |
0.78 (1.02) |
1.12 (1.25) |
<0.001 |
|
City and sub-city level Covariates (mean(sd)) | ||||||
| Population size average (100,000 people) (city level) | 24.31 (62.53) | 129.69 (158.42) | 125.79 (195.72) | 102.45 (178.35) | 113.16 (197.65) | 0.185 |
| Percent population growth (2010–2015) (city level) | 6.45 (3.62) | 6.37 (2.37) | 5.69 (2.40) | 6.70 (3.14) | 6.93 (3.21) | <0.001 |
| Homicide rates (per 100,000 people) (city level) | 24.64 (21.25) | 10.59 (10.56) | 21.56 (17.67) | 24.71 (18.98) | 23.46 (19.51) | <0.001 |
| Living conditions score (sub-city level)d | 0.29 (2.42) | 1.49 (1.75) | 0.98 (1.83) | −0.34 (2.48) | −2.16 (2.67) | <0.001 |
| Educational attainment score (sub-city level)e | −0.51 (1.03) | 1.03 (1.99) | −0.23 (1.13) | −0.84 (1.10) | −1.28 (1.02) | <0.001 |
ABR: Adolescent birth rates, live births per 1000 women aged 15–19 years.
We present mean, standard deviations and p-values resulting from ANOVA test for all variables, otherwise specified.
Some cities have more than 1 sub-city and appear in more than 1 quartile.
This variable is only available for 129 cities, 4 countries (28 cities in the first quartile; 60 cities in the second; 73 cities in the third; and 66 cities in the fourth).
For Peru the age range is 30–49, this indicator is only available for 176 cities in 6 countries.
Two-side chi-square test.
SALURBAL living conditions score: proportion of households with piped water, overcrowding, and school attendance for people 15–17 years old.
SALURBAL educational attainment score: proportion of people 25+ who completed secondary education or more and proportion of people 25+ who completed university education or more.