a, Comparison of longitudinal filament contacts in FtsA crystal structures from E. coli (PDB 7Q6D), X. poinarii (PDB 7Q6G), V. maritimus (PDB 7Q6F) and T. maritima (PDB 4A2B). E. coli and X. poinarii FtsA form “loose” protofilaments with detached IIA and IIB domains (arrowhead). IIA and IIB domains are in close contact in the VmFtsA and TmFtsA structures, which form continuous filaments in the crystals. b, The IC domain of FtsA is flexible. Left: an arrow along the first principal axis of inertia of the IC domain (purple) can be used to indicate IC domain orientation. Right: FtsA structures in the PDB aligned on their IA, IIA and IIB domains, with arrows indicating the position of the IC domains, showing that the IC domain orientation is variable within the FtsA monomer. There is no correlation between IC domain position and species (different colours) or formation of continuous filaments in the crystals (‡). Principal axes of inertia were calculated using main chain atoms (N, CA, C) of IC domains. c, Comparison between the FtsA and MreB double filaments. Because the lateral interface is formed by the IC domain in the FtsA double filament, it is wider than the MreB double filament. The membrane proximal side of both double filaments is flat.