Table 3. Mean subcortical gray-matter volumes for the childhood-limited group and group comparisons.

		Comparisons between trajectory groups (β, 95% CI, p-value)
	Childhood-limited (N =186), M (SD)	Childhood-limited versus Low	Childhood-limited versus Life-course-persistent	Childhood-limited versus Adolescence-limited
Accumbens	486 (84)	–.02, [–0.10, 0.05], p = .51	–.02, [–0.13, 0.09], p = .72	–.04, [–0.14, 0.06], p = .74
Amygdala	1,727 (198)	–.09, [–0.15, –0.02], p = .02	.07, [–0.04, 0.1], p = .49	–.01, [–0.10, 0.08], p = .82
Brain stem	21,564 (2,436)	–.09, [–0.16, –0.02], p = .02	.04, [–0.06, 0.15], p = .64	–.03, [–0.13, 0.06], p = .74
Caudate	3,294 (416)	–.05, [–0.13, 0.02], p = .21	.02, [–0.09, 0.14], p = .72	–.04, [–0.14, 0.06], p = .74
Cerebellum	59,733 (5,974)	–.12, [–0.19, –0.05], p = .01	.06, [–0.04, 0.17], p = .49	–.05, [–0.14, 0.04], p = .74
Hippocampus	4,283 (414)	–.11 (-.18, –0.04], p = .01	.09, [–0.02, 0.20], p = .49	–.03, [–0.13, 0.06], p = .74
Pallidum	1,949 (196)	–.11, [–0.18, –0.03], p = .01	.05, [–0.06, 0.16], p = .64	–.12, [–0.21, –0.02], p = .16
Putamen	4,694 (545)	–.03, [–0.10, 0.04], p = .45	.03, [–0.08, 0.13], p = .72	–.02, [–0.11, 0.08], p = .81
Thalamus	7,701 (763)	–.1, [–0.17, –0.04], p = .01	.06, [–0.04, 0.17], p = .49	–.08, [–0.17, 0.02], p = .52
Ventral diencephalon	4,119 (381)	–.08, [–0.15, –0.01], p = .03	.07, [–0.03, 0.18], p = .49	–.02, [–0.11, 0.07], p = .81

All volumes in the left-hand section of the table are reported in units of mm³. All analyses were controlled for sex and group comparisons were corrected for multiple testing using a false discovery rate (FDR) procedure. Results surviving FDR correction (p < .05) are shown in bold font. SD = standard deviation. CI = confidence interval. Regression coefficients (β values) are standardized coefficients. Analyses were performed in response a to reviewer request, not pre-registered.