. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jan 9.

Published in final edited form as: Addiction. 2021 Oct 24;117(3):784–795. doi: 10.1111/add.15709

Table 4. Summary table measurement invariance analysis (n = 222 532 in 44 countries).

	Model fit					Change in model fit
	Par.	CFI	TLI	RMSEA	SRMR	ΔCFI	ΔRMSEA
Country invariance
Configural	792	0.979	0.972	0.037	0.040
Scalar	491	0.969	0.967	0.040	0.045	−0.010	0.003
Gender invariance
Configural	36	0.979	0.972	0.035	0.034
Scalar	29	0.978	0.974	0.034	0.034	−0.001	−0.001
By country, minimum						−0.006
By country, maximum							0.003
Age invariance^a
Configural	54	0.975	0.967	0.035	0.034
Scalar	40	0.974	0.970	0.033	0.034	−0.001	−0.002
By country, minimum						−0.013
By country, maximum							0.008
Socio-economic invariance^b
Configural	54	0.981	0.975	0.035	0.033
Scalar	40	0.982	0.979	0.032	0.033	0.001	−0.003
By country, minimum						−0.002
By country, maximum							−0.001

Par. = number of free parameters; CFI = comparative fit index; TLI = Tucker Lewis index; RMSEA = root mean square error of approximation; SRMR = standardized root mean square residual.

n = 221 093 due to missing values of age;

n = 212 353 due to missing values of socio-economic status.