Figure 7. DMH1 restricts N.brasiliensis induced BMP signalling.

A, pSMAD2 antibody staining in crypts from duodenum from mice 8 days after infection with N. brasiliensis. DMSO or DMH1 was injected every other day starting one day before infection. B, Quantification of images shown in A. Each circle represents the mean of at least 5 crypts in one mouse measuring pSMAD2+ pixels divided by DAPI+ pixels. Statistics calculated with unpaired two tailed T-test. C, RNAscope probe for Sox4 in in crypts from duodenum 8 days after infection. Scale bar is 25 μm. D, Quantification of images shown in C and additional images. Each circle represents the mean of at least 5 crypts in one mouse measuring Sox4+ pixels in the crypt divided by Sox4+ pixels in the villus. Statistics calculated with unpaired two tailed T-test. E, Confocal images of OLFM4 staining in in crypts from duodenum 6 days after infection. F, Quantification of images shown in E. Each dot represents the average of at least 5 crypts from one mouse. G, RNAscope probe for Bmp2 in indicated tissue from duodenum 6 days after infection. H, Quantification of crypts from images shown in G. Bmp2 signal per area was measured in the immediate vicinity of Dclk1 signal divided by cells not positive for Dclk1 (defined as background). Both tuft cell area and background area was manually defined and each circle represents one mouse. I, Violin plots of gene expression from scRNAseq data of small intestinal organoids treated with IL-13 and untreated from Biton et al (3).