Figure 1.

Testing flow diagram showing direct and indirect testing using MTBDRplus and MTBDRsl and the use of reference standard phenotypic testing for second-line drugs, irrespective of the LPA result. Prior to the study, the flow of tests were the same except MTBDRsl was not used and MTBDRplus was only done directly if the specimen was smear-positive. *4 direct nonactionables were culture-negative and unable to be tested indirectly. ^†102 Xpert-positives were not culture-positive and hence did not have an isolate available. ^{^}80 isolates were contaminated upon regrowth for FQ and SLID pDST. Abbreviations: FQ, fluoroquinolones; INH, isoniazid; LPA, line probe assay; MDR, multidrug-resistant; pDST, phenotypic drug susceptibility testing; R, resistant; RIF, rifampicin; S, susceptible; SLID, second-line injectable drugs; Xpert, Xpert MTB/RIF.