Table 1. Clinical trials investigating the effects of inositols supplementation in pregnant women.
| Study | Population | Active Intervention | Main outcome | Delivery outcomes | Perinatal outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Matarrelli et al 2013 [72] | Non-obese women with an elevated fasting glucose in the first or early second trimester N= 36 (treated) N= 39 (control) |
MI | Lower abnormal OGTT and insulin therapy | Lower rates of Polyhydramnios | Lower neonatal hypoglycemia, birth weight, fetal abdominal circumference, higher GA at delivery |
| D’Anna et al 2013 [73] | Outpatients with a parent with type 2 diabetes N= 110 each group |
MI+FA | Lower GDM rate | No differences in CS and PTB rates | Significant differences between groups on macrosomia rate and birth weight |
| Malvasi et al 2014 [74] | Non-obese healthy women at 13th -24th week of pregnancy N= 24 each group |
MI+DCI+FA+Mn2+ | Improvement of glycemia and blood parameters (except diastolic blood pressure | -- | -- |
| D’Anna et al 2015 [75] | Obese women at 12-13 weeks of gestation N= 110 each group |
MI+FA | Lower GDM rate | No differences in CS and PTB rates | No differences in birth weight and macrosomia |
| Santamaria et al 2016 [76] | Overweight, non-obese women N= 110 each group |
MI+FA | Lower GDM rate | No differences in CS and PTB rates | No differences in birth weight and macrosomia |
| Lubin et al 2016 [77] | Women with GDM uncontrolled by diet N= 32 (treated) N= 28 (control) |
MI+FA | Lower need of insulin treatment | Lower labour induction | No differences in birth weight and macrosomia |
| Farren et al 2017 [78] | Women with a family history of diabetes N= 120 each group |
MI+DCI+FA | No changes in GDM rate | No differences in CS and PTB rates | Higher incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia and lower neonatal jaundice |
| Fraticelli et al 2018 [79] | Women with GDM N= 20 each group |
MI+FA DCI+FA MI+DCI+FA |
Lower HOMA index and weight gain with MI Lower need for insulin therapy in MI and MI+DCI | No differences in CS, induction and PTB rates | Lower birth weight in inositol groups |
| Pintaudi et al 2018 [80] | Women with GDM N= 6 each group |
MI+FA | Reduction of glucose variability | No differences in CS and PTB rates | No differences in birth weight and macrosomia |
| Celentano et al 2020 [65] | Non-obese women with elevated fasting glucose in the first or early second trimester N= 105 (treated) N= 52 (control) |
MI DCI MI+DCI |
Lower abnormal OGTT with MI | No differences in CS and PTB rates | Lower birth weight, fetal abdominal circumference, and higher GA at delivery with MI |