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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Hum Behav. 2022 Aug 29;6(11):1525–1536. doi: 10.1038/s41562-022-01430-7

Fig. 3. Using simulations to systematically vary the two Ortega parameters to identify their impact on the shape of the income distribution.

Fig. 3

A. The disproportionate change exhibited by the Lorenz curve varying the Ortega parameter α within the range of 0.01 to 1.5 leads to a more pronounced change for lower income percentiles. (The dotted off-diagonal line facilitates the recognition that the Lorenz curve is stretched more intensely in lower income percentiles.) B. Conversely, varying the Ortega parameter γ within the range 0.01 to 0.99, the Lorenz curve exhibits a disproportionate change in the top income percentiles. For comparison, the empirical estimates across counties for α range from 0.12 to 1.23 and for γ range from 0.3 to 0.93.