Table 2. F values, means and SD (in parentheses) for ANOVA by Group, for concreteness and content of problem elaborations, depressive symptoms, rumination and worry for sample with GAD cases excluded.
| Currently depressed (n = 24; M 5: F 19) |
Recovered depressed (n = 26; M 12: F 14) |
Never depressed (n = 30: M 9: F 21) |
F | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 38.7 (10.2)a | 29.6 (9.6)b | 38.0 (15.3)a, b | 4.5* |
| BDI | 24.0 (8.4)a | 8.4 (7.9)b | 2.6 (2.8)c | 71.1*** |
| RRS | 58.4 (10.7)a | 53.1 (14.5)a | 33.8 (10.6)b | 32.1*** |
| PSWQ | 59.3 (10.6)a | 51.3 (14.2)b | 41.0 (10.9)c | 15.9*** |
| Concreteness | ||||
| Major problem | 3.17 (1.00)a | 3.71 (0.74)b | 3.80 (0.82)b | 4.1* |
| Consequences | 2.83 (0.87)a | 3.69 (0.72)b | 3.78 (0.81)b | 10.9*** |
| Content | ||||
| Threat | 3.85 (1.31)a | 3.98 (1.46)a | 3.53 (1.17)a | 0.85 |
| Loss | 6.19 (1.33)a | 5.33 (1.58)a, b | 4.52 (1.54)b | 8.2*** |
| Symptom-focus | 5.12 (2.01)a | 3.38 (1.67)b | 2.65 (1.37)b | 14.6*** |
Note. M is number of men, F is number of women. BDI, Beck Depression Inventory; RRS, Ruminative Response Scale of the Response Styles Questionnaire; PSWQ, Penn State Worry Questionnaire. Concreteness was rated on a five-point scale from Abstract (1) to Concrete (5). Threat, loss and symptom-focus were each rated on a 10 point scale from 0 to 9.
Means in the same row that do not share superscripts differ at p < .05 on post-hoc Scheffé tests.
F values refer to the univariate analyses of variance comparing each dependent variable across all three groups
*
p < .05
**
p < .01
***
p < .001