Table 4. Mendelian randomization estimates of the associations between a 25 nmol/L increase in genetically determined season-standardized 25(OH)D and risk of lung cancer overall and histologic types in the HUNT2 study (n=54580).
| IVW method | Weighted median method | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outcome | MR estimate HR (95% CI) | P value | I2 (95% CI) | P value of Q statistic | MR estimate (95% CI) | P value | |||
| Lung cancer overall | 0.96 | (0.54 to 1.69) | 0.88 | 0.00 | (0.00 to 0.24) | 0.87 | 1.00 | (0.54 to 1.85) | 0.99 |
| SCLC | 0.58 | (0.12 to 2.69) | 0.48 | 0.45 | (0.00 to 0.84) | 0.16 | 0.82 | (0.14 to 4.76) | 0.82 |
| Adenocarcinoma | 0.54 | (0.18 to 1.57) | 0.26 | 0.00 | (0.00 to 0.62) | 0.76 | 0.61 | (0.19 to 1.95) | 0.41 |
| Squamous cell carcinoma | 0.64 | (0.19 to 2.17) | 0.47 | 0.08 | (0.00 to 0.90) | 0.34 | 0.64 | (0.17 to 2.44) | 0.52 |
| Other/unknown subtypes | 2.22 | (0.86 to 5.75) | 0.10 | 0.00 | (0.00 to 0.72) | 0.69 | 2.69 | (0.94 to 7.71) | 0.07 |
25(OH)D: 25-hydroxyvitamin D; CI: confidence interval; HR: hazard ratio; IVW: inverse-variance weighted; MR: Mendelian randomization; SCLC: small cell lung cancer