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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jul 4.
Published in final edited form as: Eur J Med Chem. 2021 Feb 9;215:113257. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113257

Figure 2. Carbapenem hydrolysis by β-lactamases.

Figure 2

SBL and MBL catalysed carbapenem hydrolysis is proposed to result (predominantly) in the initial formation of an enamine (Δ2-pyrroline) that isomerises to give [(2R)- and (2S)-Δ1-imine] products[10,13]. Various isomeric imine / enamine forms of reacted carbapenems have been observed crystallographically at transpeptidase/SBL/MBL active sites. In the case of the class D SBLs, the acyl-enzyme intermediate can also react to give lactone products.