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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jul 10.
Published in final edited form as: Lancet Public Health. 2023 Mar 1;8(3):e217–e225. doi: 10.1016/S2468-2667(23)00008-7

Table 3. Adjusted ORs for suicide attempts at wave 2.

  Model 1: PGSI score at wave 1 Model 2: PGSI change score Model 3: PGSI score at wave 1 and PGSI change score
Adjusted OR (95% CI) p value Adjusted OR (95% CI) p value Adjusted OR (95% CI) p value
PGSI score at wave 1 1·04 (0·98–1·10) 0·23 NA NA 1·03 (0·95–1·12) 0·42
Change in PGSI score
   No change in PGSI score NA NA 1 (ref) 0·024 1 (ref) 0·037
   PGSI scores increased NA ¨ 2·94 (1·36–6·37) ¨ 2·74 (1·20–6·27) ¨
   PGSI scores decreased NA ¨ 1·24 (0·59–2·60) ¨ 0·98 (0·35–2·77) ¨
Perceived loneliness at wave 1
   Not at All, not often, or sometimes 1 (ref) 0·87 1 (ref) 0·86 1 (ref) 0·91
   Very much 1·06 (0·51–2·22) ¨ 1·07 (0·50–2·28) ¨ 1·04 (0·50–2·20) ¨
Impulsivity score at wave 1 1·48 (1·09–1·99) 0·011 1·50 (1·15–1·96) 0·0030 1·45 (1·09–1·94) 0·011
Happiness score at wave 1* 0·85 (0·73–0·98) 0·023 0·85 (0·74–0·98) 0·022 0·84 (0·72–0·97) 0·016
Anxiousness score at wave 1 1·14 (1·01–1·28) 0·036 1·13 (1·01–1·27) 0·030 1·13 (1·00–1·27) 0·047
Suicide attempts at wave 1
   No 1 (ref) <0·0001 1 (ref) <0·0001 1 (ref) <0·0001
   Yes 6·27 (2·90–13·53) ¨ 6·06 (2·74–13·38) ¨ 5·64 (2·57–12·39) ¨

Model fit using Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test was F-statistic (9, 1932) 0·90 (Prob>F 0·52) for PGSI score at wave 1, 0·4O (Prob>F 0·94) for PGSI change score, and 0·67 (Prob>F 0·74) for PGSI change additionAlly adjusted for PGSI score at wave 1. OR=odds ratio. PGSI=Problem Gambling Severity Index.

*

Higher happiness scores indicate higher happiness.

Higher anxiousness scores indicate higher anxiousness.