Table 2. Odds ratio for univariate and multivariate logistic regression for having nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
| Variable | Univariate analysis Odds ratio (95%CI) |
p-value | Multivariate analysis Odds ratio (95%CI) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years)1 | ||||
| Age ≤ 30 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 30 < Age ≤ 40 | 1.31 (0.72, 2.40) | 0.383 | 1.22 (0.66, 2.22) | 0.527 |
| Age > 40 | 2.67 (1.58, 4.50) | 0.001 | 2.48 (1.46, 4.21) | 0.001 |
| Men2 | 0.47 (0.29, 0.71) | 0.001 | 0.48 (0.31, 0.75) | 0.001 |
| Urban residence | 2.25 (1.12, 3.46) | 0.001 | 2.85 (1.81, 4.50) | <0.001 |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Luo | 1 | 1 | ||
| Kamba | 0.68 (0.45, 1.03) | 0.069 | 0.82 (0.53, 1.27) | 0.317 |
| Maasai | 0.70 (0.15, 3.16) | 0.641 | 1.13 (0.24, 5.38) | 0.872 |
| Body mass index (per kg/m2increase) | 1.28 (1.22, 1.34) | <0.001 | 1.27 (1.21, 1.33) | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference (pr cm increase) | 1.11 (1.09, 1.13) | <0.001 | 1.11 (1.09, 1.14) | <0.001 |
| VAT (pr cm increase) | 1.70 (1.46, 1.98) | <0.001 | 1.81 (1.53, 2.14) | <0.001 |
| SAT (pr cm increase) | 2.57 (2.15, 3.10) | <0.001 | 2.65 (2.16, 3.27) | <0.001 |
| HOMA-IR (per unit increase) | 1.83 (1.50, 2.26) | <0.001 | 1.77 (1.43, 2.19) | <0.001 |
| Glucose metabolism | ||||
| NGT | 1 | 1 | ||
| Prediabetes (IFG/IGT) | 2.64 (1.53, 4.55) | <0.001 | 2.43 (1.39, 4.24) | 0.002 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 4.63 (1.99, 10.7) | <0.001 | 3.82 (1.59, 9.17) | 0.003 |
| Total cholesterol (per mmol/L increase) | 1.64 (1.34, 2.00) | <0.001 | 1.57 (1.26, 1.95) | <0.001 |
| HDL-C (per mmol/L increase) | 0.42 (0.21, 0.85) | 0.016 | 0.41 (0.20, 0.83) | 0.014 |
| LDL-C (per mmol/L increase) | 1.18 (144, 2.29) | <0.001 | 1.73 (1.36, 2.03) | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides (per mmol/L increase) | 2.26 (1.61, 3.14) | <0.001 | 2.17 (1.51, 3.13) | <0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia | 1.65 (1.01, 2.34) | 0.018 | 1.51 (0.99, 2.31) | 0.057 |
| Hypertension | 3.22 (1.97, 5.28) | <0.001 | 3.34 (1.96, 5.70) | <0.001 |
All multivariable analyses adjusted for age and sex except for
1
only adjusted for sex and
2
only adjusted for age.
VAT: visceral adipose tissue; SAT: subcutaneous adipose tissue; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment was calculated as (fasting plasma insulin x fasting plasma glucose)/135; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein; LDLC: low-density lipoprotein; NGT: Normoglycaemia; IGT: impaired glucose tolerance; IFG: impaired fasting glycaemia.
*
Excludes 15 participants of other ethnicities than Luo, Kamba, Maasai