Table I.
Demographics of included children for baseline assessment
| Variables | Preterm born (all) n = 141 | Preterm-born fetal growth restriction n = 24 | Preterm-born AGA n = 117 | Term born n = 63 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current Status | ||||
| Sex (male), n(%) | 69 (48.9%) | 8 (33.3) | 61 (52.1) | 32 (50.8) |
| Ethnicity (white) n(%) | 133 (94.3%) | 22 (91.7) | 111 (94.9) | 62 (98.4) |
| Age at testing (y), mean (SD) | 11.07 (1.23)## | 11.01 (1.27) | 11.08 (1.23)‡‡ | 10.49 (1.12) |
| Height (cm), mean (SD) | 146.06 (10.29) | 141.88 (11.38) | 146.91 (9.89) | 144.21 (9.67) |
| Height (z-score), mean (SD) | 0.27 (1.04) | −0.35 (0.99)∗∗†† | 0.40 (1.01) | 0.50 (1.01) |
| Weight (kg), mean (SD) | 39.57 (10.62) | 36.30 (10.61) | 40.24 (10.55) | 38.50 (10.78) |
| Weight (z-score), mean (SD) | 0.31 (1.17) | −0.21 (1.29)∗†† | 0.41 (1.12) | 0.51 (1.05) |
| Body mass index (z-score), mean (SD) | 0.19 (1.31) | −0.10 (1.49) | 0.24 (1.26) | 0.37 (1.11) |
| FMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 4.03 (2.21) | 3.98 (2.08) | 4.04 (2.25) | 3.93 (2.20) |
| Fat free mass index (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 14.27 (1.55) | 13.77 (1.65) | 14.37 (1.51) | 14.31 (1.33) |
| Neonatal history | ||||
| Gestational age (wk), mean (SD) | 30.76 (2.79)### | 30.08 (2.33)††† | 30.89 (2.86)‡‡‡ | 40.24 (1.18) |
| Birthweight (g), mean (SD) | 1597 (578.0)### | 997 (320.6)∗∗∗††† | 1720 (541.1)‡‡‡ | 3579 (493.6) |
| Birthweight (z-score), mean (SD) | 0.10 (1.28) | −1.86 (0.67)∗∗∗††† | 0.50 (0.97) | 0.17 (0.87) |
| Antenatal smoking, n (%) | 15 (10.8%)# | 3 (12.5)† | 12 (10.3)‡ | 1 (1.6) |
| Chronic lung disease of prematurity, n (%) | 42 (29.8%)### | 6 (25.0)††† | 36 (30.8)‡‡‡ | 0 (0) |
| Patent ductus arteriosus, n (%) | 13 (9.4%)# | 3 (12.5)†† | 10 (8.5)‡ | 0 (0) |
| Necrotizing enterocolitis, n (%) | 8 (5.8%) | 2 (8.3)† | 6 (5.1) | 0 (0) |
| Retinopathy of prematurity, n (%) | 9 (6.4%)# | 1 (4.2) | 8 (6.8)‡ | 0 (0) |
| Intraventricular haemorrhage, n (%) | 17 (12.1%)## | 2 (8.3)† | 15 (12.8)‡‡ | 0 (0) |
Preterm-born vs Term-born: #P < .05, ##P < .01, ###P < .001.
Preterm-born fetal growth restriction vs Preterm-born AGA: ∗P < .05, ∗∗P < .01, ∗∗∗P < .001.
Preterm-born fetal growth restriction vs Term-born: †P < .05, ††P < .01, †††P < .001.
Preterm-born AGA vs Term-born: ‡P < .05, ‡‡P < .01, ‡‡‡P < .001.
Antenatal smoking data missing for 2 preterm-born AGA subjects.