Table 1. Retraction Statements across Retraction Conditions and Event Report Scenarios.

Event Report Scenario	1-Retraction	3-Retraction (boldface for misinformation repetitions added for emphasis)
A – Bushfire	After further investigation, we now believe the fire was not caused by arson.	Our initial thoughts that the fire was deliberately lit were unfounded. We have now had some time to look at the evidence, so after further investigation, we now believe the fire was not caused by arson. We are lucky that no one was harmed by the fire, and some of the residents really feel that they have avoided disaster. … I think they are also reassured that this was not the work of an arsonist.
B – Emergency Landing	Investigators have found that previous attributions to extreme weather were incorrect.	Investigators have found that previous attributions to extreme weather were incorrect; there was a press conference earlier where a statement was issued that extreme weather did not play any role in the emergency landing. The airport has provided passengers with accommodation and complimentary food on behalf of the airline. … The airline has been informed that weather was not the cause of the issue and are still investigating.
C – Woman’s collapse	The doctors have now ruled out drink-spiking as the cause of her symptoms.	The doctors have now ruled out drink-spiking as the cause of her symptoms. Further tests are being conducted on Sophia, but there is no evidence that her drink was spiked, and she is due to be released from hospital later today. … While drink spiking didn’t cause Sophia’s collapse, she urged party-goers to execute caution at nightclubs.
D – Train Derailment	The transport authorities have concluded that speed was not a factor in the derailment.	The transport authorities have concluded that speed was not a factor in the derailment. … The passenger described that there was a moment of silence and weightlessness before a horrible bang and the sound of screeching metal, but there is no evidence that the train was going excessively fast. It seems like it was a terrifying event for all involved, but ultimately, speed is not considered to have played a role.
E – Fish kill	Tests by the local water department have now confirmed that a chemical spill was not the cause.	Tests by the local water department have now confirmed that a chemical spill was not the cause. … While there is no evidence that chemicals contributed to the fish deaths, the waterintake shutdown was a critical issue for the region, as recent drought periods have resulted in record low water levels. … Residents have been reassured that a chemical spill was not the cause of the fish kill, and most importantly, that the local drinking water is as safe as it has ever been.
F – Death of a drug dealer	Authorities have revealed that an autopsy report has found the original suspicions of a death by assault were false.	Authorities have revealed that the original suspicions of a death by assault were false. An autopsy report has been handed down, which found no evidence to suggest the dealer was assaulted. On behalf of the family, the deceased man’s sister said they were extremely upset by their family member’s death but were relieved that it was not due to an assault.