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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Feb 28.
Published in final edited form as: One Earth. 2024 Feb 16;7(2):325–335. doi: 10.1016/j.oneear.2024.01.001

Table 1. Change in O3-related mortality between present (2010–2014) and future (2050–2054) time periods under each SSP.

Country or region Number of cities Mean change in O3-related mortality, deaths/year (CI) Change in O3-related mortality, % (% CI)
SSP1-2.6 SSP2-4.5 SSP3-7.0 SSP5-8.5 SSP1-2.6 SSP2-4.5 SSP3-7.0 SSP5-8.5
Australia 3 0 (0−0) 0 (0−0) 0(0−0) 0 (0−0)
Canada 26 157 (101−215) 415(271−568) 441 (284−603) 323 (209−454) 46 (30−64) 120(78−164) 132 (85−181) 93(60−131)
China 3 59 (19−98) 115(37−188) 104 (32−178) 80(26−136) 142 (44−233) 274 (88−448) 179(56−310) 168 (54−285)
Czech Republic 1 −19 (−33 to −5) 5 (2−9) 17 (5−28) 6(2−11) −59 (−100 to −16) 16(5−28) 54 (15−93) 21 (6−37)
Estonia 4 0 (0−0) 0 (0−0) 0(0−0) 0 (0−0) −98 (−157 to −35) −2 (−5 to 6) 4(1−31) 19(6−37)
France 18 −78 (−122 to −32) 8(3−19) 98 (40−153) 61 (25−104) −68 (−107 to −28) 6(2−16) 75(31−118) 40 (17−68)
Germany 12 −63 (−97 to −29) 13(6−21) 78 (37−122) 28 (12−46) −64 (−100 to −30) 14(6−22) 77(36−121) 24 (11−40)
Greece 1 −31 (−69 to 0) −12 (−26 to 0) 12 (1−27) 9(0−21) −79 (−176 to 0) −28 (−62 to 0) 17 (2−63) 18(0−44)
Italy 13 −118(−203 to −35) −35 (−61 to −9) 59 (17−102) 45 (13−85) −83(−144 to −24) −25 (−43 to −7) 37(11−67) 30 (9−57)
Japan 43 −339(−489 to −201) 318(187−470) 614 (366−897) 320 (185−499) −35 (−50 to −20) 32 (19−47) 64 (38−93) 31 (18−48)
Mexico 8 378(90−661) 800 (183−1,409) 1,385 (329−2,433) 415(87−770) 44 (10−77) 93 (21−164) 160(39−288) 51 (11−94)
Portugal 6 −26 (−54 to 0) 0 (0−3) 18 (1−37) 8 (0−17) −88 (−185 to 0) 1 (0−9) 45(4−116) 26 (0−56)
South Africa 4 −43 (−62 to −24) −23 (−34 to −13) 105(57−158) 30 (15−59) −45 (−64 to −24) −24(−35 to −13) 97(53−146) 28 (14−55)
South Korea 7 −30 (−49 to −10) 86(29−142) 188(65−310) 116(38−193) −35 (−58 to −12) 102 (34−167) 204 (71−339) 133(43−221)
Spain 47 −32 (−83 to 0) 2 (0−5) 29 (1−74) 19(0−50) −81 (−212 to 0) 5(0−13) 41 (3−193) 49(0−129)
Sweden 1 −4 (−7 to −1) 0 (0−0) 4(1−6) 4(1−6) −91 (−151 to −29) 1 (0−7) 80(25−134) 64(20−109)
Switzerland 8 −20 (−33 to −6) 8(2−13) 30 (9−52) 16(5−27) −70 (−119 to −22) 28 (9−47) 104(33−181) 56 (17−95)
Taiwan 3 −4 (−8 to 0) 180 (7−335) 283 (19−529) 147(6−279) −2 (−3 to 0) 79 (3−146) 106(8−216) 76(3−145)
UK 15 −17(−21 to −12) 10(8−14) 30 (22−38) 18(13−26) −85(−108 to −64) 51 (38−68) 97(72−123) 82 (60−117)
United States 183 273 (183−364) 2,516
(1,687−3,408)
2,689
(1,833−3,579)
2,076
(1,362−2,973)
8(5−10) 69 (46−93) 80(55−106) 60 (40−87)

City-level changes in O3-related mortality are aggregated to the country or region level. Values are rounded to the nearest whole number.