Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Apr 26.
Published in final edited form as: J Vasc Access. 2021 May 3;23(6):849–860. doi: 10.1177/11297298211011375

Table 5. Challenges to practice IN (interventional nephrology).

Percentage of nephrologists performing some interventional procedure Challenges
Lack of time for IN No back up Lack of training Cost constraints Medico-legal issues Lack of incentive Interest in transplant/other fields NA
Bangladesh 80 Yes Yes
Brunei Yes
India 90 Yes Yes Yes Yes
Indonesia 16 Yes Yes Yes Yes
Malaysia 75 Yes Yes
Myanmar 100 Yes Yes
Nepal 25 Yes Yes Yes Yes
Pakistan 100 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Philippines <1 Yes Yes Yes
Sri Lanka 100 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Vietnam 100 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Hong Kong 70 Yes Yes
Singapore 5 Yes Yes Yes
Taiwan 50 Yes Yes Yes Yes
Thailand 60 Yes Yes Yes

Group 1 countries—bold.