Table 2. Bacteriocins and producers undergoing investigation for therapeutic application.
| Form | Bacteriocin | Class | Producer | Clinical trial phase (completed) | Treatment and animal model (if applicable) | Administration | Result | Company |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peptide | NVB333 (ref. 187) | Lantibiotic | Actinoplanes liguriae NCIMB41362 | Preclinical | Mouse thigh infection model, MRSA disseminated | Intravenous | Equal efficacy to vancomycin | Novacta |
| Peptide | NVB302 (ref. 188) | Lantibiotic | A. liguriae NCIMB41362 | Phase I | Clostridioides difficile infection | Oral | Not reported189 | Novacta |
| Peptide | Mutacin 1140 and analogues163 | Lantibiotic | Streptococcus mutans JH1000 | Preclinical | Mouse MRSA skin and systemic infection | Intravenous or topical | Effective intravenous treatment | Sano Chemicals |
| Peptide | OG716 (mutacin 1140 derivative)107 | Lantibiotic | S. mutans | Preclinical | Hamster model of Clostridioides difficile infection and associated diarrhoea | Oral | 100% survival and no relapse | – |
| Peptide | NAI-107 (microbisporicin)190 | Lantibiotic | Microbispora corallina | Preclinical | Acute severe infections in mouse and rat models | Intravenous | Lower effective dose than best alternative, rapid bactericidal activity | Naicons SRL, Sentinella Pharmaceuticals |
| Peptide | Moli1901 (duramycin/lancuvotide)169,170 | Lantibiotic | Streptomyces cinnamoneum | Phases I and II | Cystic fibrosis symptoms | Intranasal, inhalation | Well tolerated, no difference from placebo | Lantibio/AOP Orphan Pharmaceuticals |
| LBT | Sh-lantibiotic-α/β (ref. 162) | Lantibiotic | Staphylococcus hominis ShA9 | Phase I | Atopic dermatitis | Topical | Achieved primary safety end point and decreased Staphylococcus aureus | – |
| LBT | Abp-118 (ref. 164) | Pediocin-like | Ligilactobacillus salivarius PS7 | Phase I | Recurrent acute otitis media | Oral consumption | Significant decrease (84%) in AOM episodes | ProbiSearch |
| LBT | Multiple158 | Multiple | Bacillus velezensis ADS024 | Preclinical | C. difficile infection | Oral | Inhibited C. difficile infection in mice and did not colonize mice or swine after 28-day repeat dose | Adiso Therapeutics |
AOM, acute otitis media; LBT, live biotherapeutic; MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.