Table 3.
Characteristics for each record and survey.
| Study characteristic | Number of included records (% of all 32 included records)a,b | Number of included surveys (% of all 22 included surveys)a | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age Group | 18–25 | 19 (59) | 13 (59) |
| 16–24 | 5 (15) | 5 (23) | |
| 18–35 | 18 (56) | 17 (77) | |
| College (18–22) | 3 (9) | 2 (9) | |
| Measure | Consumption | 23 (72) | 18 (82) |
| Past-year | 13 (41) | 14 (64) | |
| Past-month | 8 (25) | 4 (18) | |
| Past-week | 4 (13) | 4 (18) | |
| Lifetime | 2 (6) | 2 (9) | |
| “Nowadays” | 2 (6) | 1 (5) | |
| Abstention | 14 (44) | 8 (36) | |
| Past-year | 7 (22) | 6 (27) | |
| Past-week | 2 (6) | 1 (5) | |
| Lifetime | 6 (19) | 5 (23) | |
| “Nowadays” | 2 (9) | 2 (9) | |
| Country | United States | 13 (41) | 7 (32) |
| United Kingdom | 8 (25) | 7 (32) | |
| Australia | 5 (16) | 2 (9) | |
| New Zealand | 2 (6) | 2 (9) | |
| Ireland | 2 (6) | 2 (9) | |
| Canada | 2 (6) | 2 (9) | |
| Duration of Change Period | 3–5 years | 6 (19) | |
| 6–10 years | 8 (25) | ||
| 11–15 years | 12 (38) | ||
| 16–20 years | 10 (32) | ||
| Source | Journal article | 11 (34) | |
| Data sheet/explorer | 11 (34) | ||
| Report | 10 (32) | ||
Numbers may not sum due to rounding or because records/surveys include multiple populations, time periods and/or measures.
Seven surveys included data from two or more reports on a single wave or year (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2002, 2017- 18; Bromley et al., 2008; Central Statistics Office, 2016, 2020; Central Survey Unit, 2006, 2008; Government of Canada, 2016, 2021; Ministry of Health, n.d.; Information Analysis Directorate, 2014; Schoenborn et al., 2004, 2013; Scottish Health Survey, 2020; The Scottish Government, 2009). We treated these reports as a single record for synthesis purposes but as separate records for quality assessment. Data from the more recent record considered here for ‘source’ purposes.