Table 2. Serum inflammatory mediator profiles of patients in the study.
| Mediator (pg/mL) | AES-Viral (n = 21) | AES-Scrub typhus (n = 28) | AES-MIS-C (n = 9) | Multiple comparisons | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median (Q1, Q 3) | p-Value | ||||||
| IL-1RA | 2601.3 (796.1, 5323.2) | 3049 (748.7, 9104.3) | 3569 (731, 9783.5) | 0.898 | - | ||
| CCL11 | 166 (113.6, 261) | 77.1 (43, 114.1) | 185.1 (71.1, 239.5) | 0.001 | Scrub typhus vs Viral (p = 0.001) | ||
| CCL2 | 181.8 (123.1, 463.7) | 60 (31.1, 135.4) | 132.2 (96.9, 312.1) | 0.004 | Scrub typhus vs Viral (p = 0.003) | ||
| GROα | 546.5 (339, 948.5) | 230.2 (53.8, 765.9) | 281.1 (53.8, 557.7) | 0.080 | - | ||
| HGF | 1304 (471.5, 3635.6) | 817.1 (342.6, 1430) | 2489.4 (1503.1, 3858.6) | 0.018 | Scrub typhus vs MIS-C (p = 0.025) | ||
| M-CSF | 44 (19.9, 99.5) | 38.8 (15.4, 57.3) | 19.8 (16, 36.6) | 0.223 | - | ||
| IL-6 | 8.8 (4.1, 24.5) | 8.9 (2.1, 21.1) | 12.2 (1.4, 44.1) | 0.955 | - | ||
| IL-10 | 9.6 (1.7, 31.6) | 10.2 (3.5, 27.3) | 3.8 (1.9, 15.7) | 0.526 | - | ||
| IFN-γ | 1 (0.4, 6) | 1 (0.4, 7.8) | 0.6 (0.4, 1.4) | 0.489 | - | ||
| TNF | 10.8 (6.1, 35.9) | 10.5 (4.6, 27.8) | 12.9 (5.8, 20.2) | 0.902 | - | ||
| IL-8 | 31.5 (11.8, 223.5) | 36.8 (9.5, 122.9) | 19.4 (11.8, 157.9) | 0.952 | - | ||
| IL-17A | 0.7 (0.5, 4.9) | 0.7 (0.3, 7.5) | 1.8 (0.3, 6.3) | 0.983 | - | ||
| IL-6/IL-10 | 0.9 (0.5, 6) | 0.7 (0.3, 1.2) | 2.4 (0.3, 3.8) | 0.396 | - | ||
| IL-17A/IL10 | 0.2 (0.1, 0.5) | 0.2 (0.1, 0.4) | 0.1 (0.1, 0.7) | 0.754 | - |
Note: Statistically significant p-values are marked in bold.
Abbreviations: AES, Acute encephalitis syndrome; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; MIS-C, multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19.