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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Med Virol. 2024 May 1;96(5):e29666. doi: 10.1002/jmv.29666

Table 2. Serum inflammatory mediator profiles of patients in the study.

Mediator (pg/mL) AES-Viral (n = 21) AES-Scrub typhus (n = 28) AES-MIS-C (n = 9) Multiple comparisons
Median (Q1, Q 3) p-Value
IL-1RA   2601.3 (796.1, 5323.2)        3049 (748.7, 9104.3)      3569 (731, 9783.5) 0.898 -
CCL11   166 (113.6, 261)            77.1 (43, 114.1)    185.1 (71.1, 239.5) 0.001 Scrub typhus vs Viral (p = 0.001)
CCL2   181.8 (123.1, 463.7)       60 (31.1, 135.4)    132.2 (96.9, 312.1) 0.004 Scrub typhus vs Viral (p = 0.003)
GROα     546.5 (339, 948.5)  230.2 (53.8, 765.9)    281.1 (53.8, 557.7) 0.080 -
HGF      1304 (471.5, 3635.6)    817.1 (342.6, 1430)       2489.4 (1503.1, 3858.6) 0.018 Scrub typhus vs MIS-C (p = 0.025)
M-CSF   44 (19.9, 99.5)  38.8 (15.4, 57.3) 19.8 (16, 36.6) 0.223 -
IL-6 8.8 (4.1, 24.5)   8.9 (2.1, 21.1) 12.2 (1.4, 44.1) 0.955 -
IL-10 9.6 (1.7, 31.6) 10.2 (3.5, 27.3)  3.8 (1.9, 15.7) 0.526 -
IFN-γ 1 (0.4, 6)    1 (0.4, 7.8) 0.6 (0.4, 1.4) 0.489 -
TNF 10.8 (6.1, 35.9) 10.5 (4.6, 27.8) 12.9 (5.8, 20.2) 0.902 -
IL-8     31.5 (11.8, 223.5)   36.8 (9.5, 122.9)    19.4 (11.8, 157.9) 0.952 -
IL-17A 0.7 (0.5, 4.9) 0.7 (0.3, 7.5) 1.8 (0.3, 6.3) 0.983 -
IL-6/IL-10          0.9 (0.5, 6) 0.7 (0.3, 1.2) 2.4 (0.3, 3.8) 0.396 -
IL-17A/IL10 0.2 (0.1, 0.5) 0.2 (0.1, 0.4) 0.1 (0.1, 0.7) 0.754 -

Note: Statistically significant p-values are marked in bold.

Abbreviations: AES, Acute encephalitis syndrome; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; MIS-C, multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19.