Table 2. Hansen solubility parameters and other properties of the selected solvents and the classically used petrol-based solvent toluene for comparison.
Toluene | cHX | Phe | Ani | Euc | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
BP /°Ca | 111 | 154 | 193 | 154 | 177 |
δD /MPa½b | 18.0 | 17.8 | 18.4 | 17.8 | 16.7 |
δP /MPa½b | 1.4 | 8.4 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.6 |
δH /MPa½b | 2.0 | 5.1 | 4.0 | 6.9 | 3.4 |
αc | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
βc | 0.11 | 0.53 | 0.30 | 0.32 | 0.61 |
π*c | 0.54 | 0.76 | 0.69 | 0.73 | 0.36 |
VM /cm3·mol−1b | 107 | 104 | 127 | 109 | 168 |
DNc | 1 | 18 | 8 | 9 | 24 |
logPowa | 2.7 | 0.86 | 2.0 | 2.6 | 3.4 |
Safety /10d | 5 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 |
Health /10d | 6 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
Environment /10d | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
Data obtained from REACH registration dossiers.
Data obtained from the HSPiP software (Abbott and Yamamoto, 2015).
Kamlet-Abboud-Taft solvatochromic parameters (hydrogen bond donating ability, α; hydrogen bond accepting ability, β; dipolarity/polarisability, π*) and donor number (DN) (Jessop et al., 2012; Marcus, 1993).
CHEM21 solvent selection rankings, with low scores preferred (Prat et al., 2016).