Table 2. Ligands of human γδ TCRs for which direct binding is documented.
| Ligand | TCRγδ V-usage | Origin of γδ T cells, context | Affinity (KD) | Structure of the TCR/ligand complex |
References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HLA or HLA-like | |||||
| CD1a | Vδ1/Vγ4 |
PBMC-sorted
γδ T cells using CD1a tetramers |
15-24 μM | resolved |
Wegrecki, Nat Commun.
2022, PMID: 35790773 |
| CD1b | Vδ1 |
PBMC-sorted γδ T cells using
CD1b tetramers loaded with microbial lipids |
9 μM | not reported |
Reijneveld, PNAS. 2020
PMID: 32868441 |
| CD1c | Vδ1 |
PBMC-sorted γδ T cells using
CD1c tetramers loaded with microbial lipids |
23-30 μM | Not reported | Roy, J Immunol 2016, PMID: 26755823 |
|
CD1d |
V81 |
PBMC-sorted γδ T cells using CD1d tetramers |
16-33 μM |
resolved |
Luoma, Immunity, 2013
PMID: 24239091 Uldrich, Nat Immunol, 2013 PMID: 24076636 |
| EPCR | Vδ5/Vγ4 |
Clonally expanded γδ T cells in
the context of CMV-infection |
90 μM | Not reported |
Willcox, Nat Immunol,
2012 PMID: 22885985 |
| MR1 | Vδ3/Vγδ Vδ1/Vγ9 | PBMC-sorted γδ T cells using MR1 tetramers | 0.6-13 μM | resolved |
Le Nours, Science, 2019, PMID: 31857486 Rice, PNAS, 2021, PMID:
34845016 |
| HLA-A2/MART-1 | Vδ1/Vγδ |
γδ T cells differentiated in vitro
from HSPC |
3-71 μM | resolved |
Benveniste, Sci Immunol, 2018 PMID:
30552102 |
| HLA-DR | Vδ1/Vγ3 |
Clonally expanded γδ T cells in
the context of CMV-infection |
3-32 μM | Not reported |
Deseke, J Exp Med,
2022 PMID: 35852466 |
| Others | |||||
| Annexin A2 | Vδ3/Vγ8 |
PBMC γδ T cells reactive
against lymphoma B cells in vitro |
3 μM | Not reported |
Marlin, PNAS, 2017
PMID: 28270598 |
| BTNL3 | Vγ4 |
Intestinal γδ T cells
CMV expanded Vγ4Vδ1 T cells |
20 μM | Not reported |
Melandri, Nat Immunol, 2018, PMID: 30420626
Willcox, Immunity, 2019, PMID: 31628053 |
| BTN2A1 | Vδ2/Vγ9 Vδ1/Vγ9 | Blood Vγ9Vδ2 T cells, CMV-expanded or BTN2A1 tetramer-sorted Vγ9Vδ1 T cells | 40-50 μM | Not reported |
Rigau, Science, 2020,
PMID: 31919129 Karunakaran, Immunity, 2020, PMID: 32155411 |