Table 2. Response of hemodynamic, microvascular, clinical and laboratory measures to fluid resuscitation and correlation with volume of fluid administered. All numbers are medians (IQR).
| Variable | Admission | After 6 hours of fluid resuscitation | Change with 6 hours of fluid resuscitation | Correlation between change and volume of fluid administered | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Haemodynamic measures | rs | p | |||
| GEDVI (ml/m2) | 472 (429 to 571) | 585 (539 to 638) | 91 (10 to 126) | 0.1 | 0.65 |
| CI (L/min/m2) | 3.08 (2.81 to 3.31) | 3.64 (3.31 to 4.21) | 0.49 (0.07 to 1,12) | 0.19 | 0.35 |
| DO2i (mL/min/m2) | 421 (335 to 479) | 403 (327 to 528) | 15 (-109 to 79) | -0.23 | 0.26 |
| CVP (cm H2O) | 4.5 (-2.5 to 8) | 10 (7 to 13.5) | 5.5 (1 to 10) | 0.5 | 0.01 |
| MABP (mmHg) | 87.5 (77.3 to 98.8) | 93.5 (80.5 to 106) | 6 (-3.3 to 13.5) | 0.15 | 0.46 |
| SVRI (dynes-sec/cm5/m5) | 2155 (1779 to 2532) | 1926(1552 to 2320) | -203 (-751 to 170) | -0.04 | 0.86 |
| Respiratory measuresa | |||||
| SaO2/FiO2 ratio | 455 (306 to 467) | 433 (271 to 462) | -9 (-23 to 2) | 0.16 | 0.47 |
| EVLW (ml/kg) | 8 ( 6 to 9) | 10 (8 to 11) | 1 (1 to 3) | 0.42 | 0.05 |
| PVPI | 2.29(1.82 to 2.45) | 2.25(1.97 to 2.26) | 0.05 (-0.16 to 0.32) | 0.58 | 0.004 |
| Microcirculation measures | |||||
| Sequestration (% blocked capillaries) | 15 (2.5 to 32.9) | 7.5 (1.7 to 22.1) | -6.7 (-19.2 to 4.2) | -0.23 | 0.31 |
| Acid-base measures | |||||
| Lactate (mmol/L) | 3.2 (1.9 to 5.4) | 1.7 (1.4 to 3.1) | -1 (-1.8 to -0.3) | 0.35 | 0.08 |
| pH | 7.34 (7.32 to 7.37) | 7.31 (7.24 to 7.34) | -0.05 (-0.1 to 0.01) | -0.61 | <0.001 |
| Base deficit (mEq/L) | 9 (8 to 12) | 13 (10 to 14) | 3(0-5) | 0.82 | <0.0001 |
| Anion Gap (mmol/L) | 19 (16 to 21) | 19 (19 to 22) | 1 (-1 to 3) | 0.53 | 0.007 |
| SIDa (mEq/L) | 34.5(32.7 to 36.6) | 34.6 (31.2 to 36,2) | 0.1 (-1.5 to 1.4) | -0.09 | 0.67 |
| SIDe (mEq/L) | 22.8 (19.6 to 27.1) | 21.6 (20.3 to 26) | -0.7 (-4 to 1.1) | -0.6 | 0.002 |
| SIG (mEq/L) | 11.2 (7.2 to 15.2) | 12.4 (9.4 to 15.2) | 1.3 (-2.1 to 3.6) | 0.5 | 0.01 |
| Venous CO2 (mmHg) | 28.4 (22.6 to 33.2) | 30.3 (26.5 to32.6) | 1.2 (-1.5 to 5) | -0.25 | 0.24 |
| Other laboratory measures | |||||
| Haemoglobin (g/dL) | 10.4 (8.5 to 12.6) | 9.1 (7.1-10.5) | -1.6 (-2.5 to -0.2) | -0.34 | 0.08 |
| Plasma Sodium (mmol/L) | 134 (131 to 138) | 139 (137 to 143) | 5 (3 to 7) | 0.59 | 0.002 |
| Plasma Potassium (mmol/L) | 3.8 (3.5 to 4.3) | 3.9 (3.6 to 4.3) | 0 (-0.1 to 0.2) | -0.08 | 0.69 |
| Chloride (mmol/L) | 104 (100 to 106) | 110 (107 to 113) | 6(4-8) | 0.71 | <0.0001 |
| Renal measuresb | Admission | After 24 hours of fluid resuscitation | Change with 24 hours of fluid resuscitation | rs | p |
| Plasma creatinine (mgl/dL) | 1.8 (1.2 to 2.9) | 1.5 (1 to 2.4) | -0.3 (-0.7 to 0.2) | -0.14 | 0.56 |
| Blood Urea Nitrogen (mgl/dL) | 44 (32 to 68) | 36 (20 to 64) | -9 (-20 to -3) | -0.47 | 0.03 |
rs: Spearmans coefficient. GEDVI: Global end diastolic index, CI: Cardiac index, DO2I: Oxygen delivery index, CVP: central venous pressure, MABP: mean arterial blood pressure SVRI: Systemic vascular resistance index, EVLW: Extra vascular lung water, PVPI: pulmonary vascular permeability index, SIDa: apparent strong ion deficit, SIDe: effective strong ion deficit, SIG: strong ion gap.
Respiratory assessment excludes the two patients with clinical pulmonary edema on admission and the 2 patients who developed aspiration pneumonia.
Renal indices exclude the 4 patients who had dialysis in the first 24 hours of their hospitalization and excludes the patients with clinical pulmonary edema on admission who did not receive liberal fluid resuscitation.