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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Dec 6.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Rev Chem. 2020 Sep 15;4(11):615–634. doi: 10.1038/s41570-020-0215-y

Fig. 3. Self-assembly of membrane and surfactant-like peptides at interfaces.

Fig. 3

a | A peptide self-assembly can stabilize a liquid-liquid interface. b | Transmission electron micrographs of the surfactant peptides A6D (left) and V6D (right), which form a dense network several micrometres long77. c | On a smaller scale, these materials form open-ended tubes (left), micelles and spherical vesicles budding off the nanotubes in H2O (right). d | KL4 models built using backbone torsion angle restraints from solid-state NMR data. KL4 conformer from measurements with two different lipids, 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) and 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) (top and bottom, correspondingly)78. e | Transmission electron micrographs of diblock copolypeptide-surfactant complexes, indicating a lamellar order of periodicity82. Parts b and c adapted with permission from REF.77, PNAS. Part d adapted with permission from REF.78, Elsevier. Part e adapted with permission from REF.81, American Chemical Society.