Table 2. Behaviour change techniques (BCTs) included in the Smoke Free app.
| BCT Code and Label | BCT Present?* | Instantiation in the Smoke Free app |
|---|---|---|
| Specific focus on behaviour (B) and addressing motivation (M) | ||
| BM1. Provide information on consequences of smoking and smoking cessation | ✓ | Chatbot |
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| BM2. Boost motivation and self-efficacy | ✓ | Badges, Chatbot |
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| BM3. Provide feedback on current behaviour | ✓ | Dashboard |
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| BM4. Provide rewards contingent on successfully stopping smoking | ✓ | Badges, Chatbot |
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| BM5. Provide normative information about others’ behaviour and experiences | ||
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| BM6. Prompt commitment from the client here and then | ✓ | Registration; Chatbot |
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| BM7. Provide rewards contingent on effort or progress | ✓ | Badges, Chatbot |
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| BM8. Strengthen ex-smoker identity | ✓ | Chatbot |
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| BM9. Identify reasons for wanting and not wanting to stop smoking | ✓ | Chatbot |
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| BM10. Explain the importance of abrupt cessation | ✓ | Chatbot |
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| BM11. Measure expired-air carbon monoxide (CO) concentration | ||
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| Specific focus on behaviour (B) and maximising self-regulatory capacity/skills (S) | ||
| BS1. Facilitate barrier identification and problem solving | ✓ | Chatbot |
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| BS2. Facilitate relapse prevention and coping | ✓ | Chatbot |
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| BS3. Facilitate action planning/develop treatment plan | ✓ | Cravings; Chatbot |
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| BS4. Facilitate goal setting | ✓ | Registration; Chatbot |
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| BS5. Prompt review of goals | ✓ | Diary; Badges, Chatbot |
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| BS6. Prompt self-recording | ✓ | Diary; Chatbot |
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| BS7. Advise on changing routine | ✓ | Chatbot |
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| BS8. Advise on environmental restructuring | ✓ | Chatbot |
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| BS9. Set graded tasks | ||
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| BS10. Advise on conserving mental resources | ✓ | Chatbot |
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| BS11. Advise on avoiding social cues for smoking | ✓ | Chatbot |
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| Promote adjuvant activities (A) | ||
| A1. Advise on stop-smoking medication | ✓ | Chatbot |
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| A2. Advise on/facilitate use of social support | ✓ | Chatbot |
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| A3. Adopt appropriate local procedures to enable clients to obtain free medication | ||
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| A4. Ask about experiences of stop smoking medication that the smoker is using | ||
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| A5. Give options for additional and later support | ||
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| General aspects of the interaction (R) focusing on the delivery of the intervention (D) | ||
| RD1. Tailor interactions appropriately | ✓ | Chatbot |
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| RD2. Emphasise choice | ✓ | Chatbot |
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| General aspects of the interaction (R) focusing on information gathering (I) | ||
| RI1. Assess current and past smoking behaviour | ✓ | Registration, Chatbot |
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| RI2. Assess current readiness and ability to quit | ||
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| RI3. Assess past history of quit attempts | ||
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| RI4. Assess withdrawal symptoms | ||
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| General aspects of the interaction (R) focusing on general communication (C) | ||
| RC1. Build general rapport | ✓ | Throughout |
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| RC2. Elicit and answer questions | ||
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| RC3. Explain the purpose of CO monitoring | ||
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| RC4. Explain expectations regarding treatment programme | ✓ | Chatbot |
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| RC5. Offer/direct towards appropriate written materials | ✓ | Chatbot |
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| RC6. Provide information on withdrawal symptoms | ✓ | Chatbot |
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| RC7. Use reflective listening | ||
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| RC8. Elicit client views | ||
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| RC9. Summarise information/confirm client decisions | ||
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| RC10. Provide reassurance | ✓ | Chatbot |
Note.
*
BCT presence is indicated by a tick.