Table 5. Risk of bias summary for prognostic studies: review authors’ judgments about each domain for each included study.

Study ID	Study participation	Study attrition	Prognostic factor measurement	Outcome measurement	Study confounding	Statistical analysis and reporting
Church 2019 [27]	Low	Low	Moderate	Low	Moderate	Low
Russo 2017 [36]	Low	Moderate	Moderate	Low	Moderate	Low
Peta 2017 [34]	Moderate	Low	Moderate	Moderate	Low	Low
Xie 2019 [37]	Low	Low	Moderate	Low	Low	Low
Steuerwald 2013 [31]	Low	Moderate	Moderate	Low	Moderate	Low
Bonkovsky 2019 [35]	Moderate	Low	Moderate	Low	Moderate	Moderate